Ornamental sweetpotato plant named &#39;NCORNSP-014BWPI&#39;

ABSTRACT

‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ is new and distinct variety of ornamental sweetpotato plant. ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ is an erect to semi-erect, bunch-type cultivar producing many short shoots. This ornamental sweetpotato variety is distinguishable from other cultivars by its toothed to slightly-lobed dark purple leaves; a compact habit and semi-erect mounding plant architecture. ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ has a very good vigor and is very well branched. It is less vigorous than  Ipomoea batatas  ‘Margarita’ and ‘Blackie’ and is well suited for production as a landscape or containerized plant. Like ‘Sweet Caroline Bewitched’, ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ has toothed, purple leaves. However, the leaves of ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ are smaller, darker purple, and are more deeply lobed than those of ‘Sweet Caroline Bewitched’ and the toothing of ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ is more uniform. The production of flowers by ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ is absent, even under short day conditions.

LATIN NAME OF THE GENUS AND SPECIES

Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.

VARIETY DENOMINATION

‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’

BACKGROUND

Ipomoea batatas is a member of the morning glory family Convolvulaceae. This species is grown worldwide and exhibits a wide range of plant forms and colors. The cultivated members of Ipomoea batatas that are grown by farmers are commonly produced for consumption of their enlarged storage roots. Such types typically produce a fast growing green vine that has a wide variety of leaf shapes ranging from palmate and deeply lobed, to cordate or triangular shaped leaves with no lobes.

Ipomoea batatas ornamental sweetpotato plants, like their edible forms, are a heat-loving, drought tolerant, perennial vine, typically grown as an annual. However, ornamental sweetpotato plants are distinguished from the edible cultivated forms in that they possess unique foliage colors, leaf shapes, and growth habits, which have significant value in the ornamental marketplace.

Ornamental sweetpotato plants are desirable in the landscape and ornamental industries because their foliage comes in a wide variety of colors (e.g. pale yellow to dark purple with some exhibiting temporal and individual leaf color variegation patterns) and plant shapes (e.g. mounded and very compact to prostrate and highly spreading). They can be grown in a potted plant and/or mixed planting format, and they have the ability to cover a large space or hang over walls and decorative pots creating brightly colored and textured backdrops in gardens and patios. Most ornamental sweetpotatoes grow and last the entire growing season and they require little maintenance. Moreover, these plants have few insect or disease problems.

Applicants desire to produce new cultivars of ornamental sweetpotato with new or improved foliage colors, variegation patterns, leaf shapes, and plant architectures. In addition, applicants believe it would be advantageous to develop cultivars of ornamental sweetpotato exhibiting a more compact growth that do not out-compete other species in mixed containers.

‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ addresses at least one of the above-noted problems.

Lineage. ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ (breeding designation NC6881-044RN) originated from open pollinated seed harvested from the proprietary Ipomoea batatas breeding line NC5309-019ORN (the female parent; not patented). Botanical seed was harvested from this and other ornamental sweetpotato lines planted in our summer advanced ornamental replicated trials between June of 2008 and November of 2008. The breeding line NC5309-0190RN resulted from a conventional cross between NC1925-0350RN and NC2500-0220RN (proprietary breeding lines; not patented). Botanical seed from this half-sib family were planted in the greenhouse during February 2009. The first cycle of selection on the population was exercised in the seedling trays and survivors were transferred to a single 6-inch pot, which was then maintained in the greenhouse. Cuttings (2 each) were taken from the plants in May and planted in the field as 2-plant unreplicated plots during early July 2009. The single, individual plant now known as ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ was selected Aug. 19, 2009 because of its combination of exceptional features, and has been propagated asexually since that time.

Asexual Reproduction. Since its selection, ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ has been asexually reproduced in North Carolina predominantly by vegetative propagation of vine cuttings. Successively, there have been two cycles of vegetative propagation, one cycle of tissue culture micropropagation, and multiple vegetative propagation cycles to increase the plant population. Asexual reproduction of ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ by cuttings has shown that the unique features of the new cultivar are stable and the plant reproduces true to type in successive generations.

REFERENCE TO PLANT BREEDERS RIGHTS

Plant Breeders Rights for ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ have not been applied for. ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ has not been made publicly available or sold more than one year prior to the date of this application.

SUMMARY

‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ is an erect to semi-erect, bunch-type, ornamental sweetpotato variety producing many short shoots. This variety is distinguishable from other cultivars by its dark purple, toothed to slightly lobed leaves; a compact plant habit and erect to semi-erect mounding plant architecture. The distinctly toothed feature of the leaves of this plant and the plant architecture make ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ unique amongst the current ornamental sweetpotatoes in the marketplace. ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ also exhibits very good vigor and is well branched. In greenhouse and field trials conducted by the breeding program and industry collaborators during 2009 to present ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ has been shown to be much less vigorous than Ipomoea batatas ‘Margarita’ and ‘Blackie’ making this variety more suitable for use as a landscape or containerized plant. ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ does not produce flowers, even under short day conditions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The photographs in the drawings were made using conventional techniques and show the colors as true as reasonably possible by conventional photography. Colors in the photographs may differ slightly from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description, which accurately describe the colors of the new Ipomoea batatas.

FIG. 1 is a color photograph of a typical specimen of greenhouse grown Ipomoea batatas ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ in a 6-inch pot from the side and top, 84 days after planting.

FIG. 2 is a color photograph of a typical specimen of Ipomoea batatas ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ from the side and top in the field, 64 days after planting.

FIG. 3 is a color photograph showing the variety of leaves produced by Ipomoea batatas ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ 84 days after planting.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW VARIETY

The following is a detailed description of the botanical characteristics of a new and distinct cultivar of Ipomoea batatas plant known by the cultivar name ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’.

All colors cited herein refer to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart designations (The Royal Horticultural Society, London, 2007, 5^(th) ed.) except where general terms of ordinary dictionary significance are used. Plant descriptions are based on the standardized international sweetpotato descriptors established jointly by the International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru; The Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC), Taipei, Taiwan; and the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR), Rome, Italy (CIP, AVRDC, IBPGR. 1991. Descriptors for Sweet Potato. Huaman, Z., editor. International Board for Plant Genetic Resources, Rome, Italy, 134 pp.). Where dimensions, sizes, colors, and other characteristics are given, it is to be understood that such characteristics are approximations or averages set forth as accurately as practicable.

The descriptions reported herein are from 62-day-old specimens grown individually in six-inch azalea pots. The plants were grown in Raleigh, N.C., under commercial practice in a glass-covered greenhouse, where, during the fall, day and night temperatures range between 18-30° C. and 15-21° C., respectively. Plant ratings were taken during the last week of November 2010. ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions; therefore, the phenotype may vary with variations in the environment such as season, temperature, light intensity, day length, cultural conditions, and the like.

-   Classification:     -   -   Botanical name.—Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.         -   Common name.—Ornamental Sweetpotato.         -   Variety name.—‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’.         -   Growth conditions.—‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ has good vigor, a             moderate growth rate, and is very adaptable to container             culture. In locales with mild winter conditions, Ipomoea             batatas ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ will grow perennially; otherwise             it is an annual plant. Similar to cultivated sweetpotatoes,             wind or rain rarely causes much damage to ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’,             but if damage does occur, the plant drops the damaged leaves             and grows new shoots at nodes where the leaves were lost.             Under low light levels in a greenhouse, ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’             can develop intumescence, which will remain on the affected             foliage, but will be outgrown with new foliage.         -   Aboveground structure and coloration.— FIGS. 1 and 2 show             the shape and coloration of a typical specimen of             ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’. Color will vary somewhat due to             temperature and nutrient stress, which affect the             anthocyanin pigments that produce the purple color. Overall,             this cultivar is a round, compact, mounded, spreading             herbaceous plant that has an average height of 19.4 cm and             an average area of spread of 39.8 cm. The growth habit of             this plant is to grow upright with shoots growing outward. -   Branches:     -   -   Branching habit.—Freely-branching with ˜4 lateral branches             coming off the stem. Very dense foliage and no pinching is             required to stimulate branching.         -   Vegetative lateral branches.—Length: ˜17.4 cm. Diameter:             ˜0.5 cm. Internodes are short with an average length of             ˜1.2 cm. Many lateral branches are formed and each axil has             latent shoots.         -   Stem.—Round and glabrous, with an outward and upward bending             aspect, with very strong, slightly flexible, non-brittle             strength. Color: Dark Purple (RHS N77A).         -   Petiole.—Length: ˜9.5 cm. Diameter: ˜0.4 cm. Color: Dark             Purple (RHS N799B). -   Foliage: Leaves are alternate and tend to spiral around the stem.     They are simple and cordate to triangular with irregular projecting     points (i.e. teeth). Leaf shape is somewhat variable as is leaf size     (see FIG. 2).     -   -   Quantity.—Heavily foliated, with — 17 leaves per lateral             branch.         -   Mature leaf length.—˜12.7 cm.         -   Mature leaf width.—˜17.8 cm.         -   Leaf margin.—Dentate to serrate.         -   Central lobe width.—˜7.3 cm.         -   Central lobe length.—˜6.3 cm.         -   Mid-vein lobe length.—˜6.6 cm.         -   Mid-vein lobe width.—˜1.4 cm.         -   Central lobe shape.—Deltoid.         -   Two axillary lobes.—Bipartite, both shallowly deltoid.         -   Leaf apex.—deltoid.         -   Leaf base.—Cordate.         -   Leaf.—Glabrous texture and matte finish.         -   Venation.—Palmate at the base with arcuate veins in the             center lamina.         -   Color.—Leaves transition from purple to dark purple as they             mature. See also Table 1.

TABLE 1 Leaf Structure Upper Surface Lower Surface Young Leaf Purple, 187A Purple, N1 86C Mature Leaf Dark Purple, N1 86A with Purple, N1 86C a dark green base, N137A Vein- mature leaf 187A N79B Vein- young leaf N77A with 147A base N77A with 147C

-   -   -   Flowers.—The production of flowers by ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ is             absent even under short day conditions.         -   Storage root coloration.—Plants form no, to very small,             underground storage roots that are highly malformed and do             not meet USDA Sweetpotato Storage Root Grade Standards.             Storage roots that do form typically possess purple colored             skin (N79A) and a yellow cream (162B) flesh color.             Comparison with Other Ipomoea batatas Cultivars —             ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ is very distinct based on leaf color, leaf             shape, and plant architecture. Of the common cultivars of             ornamental sweetpotato, ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ is best compared             with the ‘Sweet Caroline Bewitched cultivar (Table 2). Like             ‘Sweet Caroline Bewitched’, ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ has purple             leaves. However, the leaves of ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ are             smaller, darker purple, and are more deeply lobed than those             of ‘Sweet Caroline Bewitched’. ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ has purple             immature leaves compared with the green immature leaves of             ‘Sweet Caroline Bewitched’. ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ has a compact,             semi-upright, mounding plant habit compared with the upright             habit of ‘Sweet Caroline Bewitched’. Furthermore,             ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ has a more uniform toothing habit as             compared with the more irregular teeth of ‘Sweet Caroline             Bewitched’. Unlike ‘Sweet Caroline Bewitched’, which             occasionally produces flowers, ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ will not             produce, flowers, even under short day conditions.

TABLE 2 Female Parent ‘NCORNSP- ‘NC5309- ‘Sweet Caroline Characteristic 014BWPI’ 019ORN’ Bewitched’ Plant Habit Compact, Compact, Compact, Upright Semi-Upright Semi-Upright Foliage Color Dark purple (RHS Dark purple Purple (RHS 137A, N186A) (RHS N186A) N92A) Leaf Size Moderate-Large Moderate Large Leaf Shape Slightly lobed, Moderately Irregular, toothed toothed Lobed

-   -   -   Disease or pest resistance.—‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’ is susceptible             to Sweetpotato Feathery Mottle Virus and damage by Japanese             beetles. Its resistance or susceptibility to other known             insects and pathogens of sweetpotato is unknown. 

1. A new and distinct cultivar of Ipomoea batatas ornamental sweetpotato plant named ‘NCORNSP-014BWPI’, substantially as illustrated and described herein. 